Introduction:
Sher Shah Suri, also known as Sher Khan, was a prominent ruler who reformed the administration of the Bharatiya (Indian) empire during his reign from 1540 to 1545. His administrative reforms were aimed at improving governance, increasing efficiency, and enhancing the welfare of the people. Let’s dive into how Sher Shah Suri transformed the Bharatiya administration.

Centralized Administration:
One of Sher Shah Suri’s most significant reforms was the establishment of a centralized administration system. He divided his empire into provinces, each headed by a governor appointed by the central government. These governors were responsible for maintaining law and order, collecting taxes, and ensuring the welfare of the people in their respective regions. This system of decentralized authority helped in effective governance and swift decision-making.

Revenue Reforms:
Sher Shah Suri introduced several reforms in the revenue system to ensure fair taxation and efficient collection of revenue. He conducted a detailed survey of agricultural land to determine the actual yield and fixed taxes based on the productivity of the land. This helped in preventing exploitation of farmers and ensured a steady source of revenue for the government. Additionally, Sher Shah Suri introduced the use of standardized weights and measures to prevent corruption in revenue collection.

Infrastructure Development:
Sher Shah Suri was a visionary ruler who focused on improving infrastructure across his empire. He constructed a vast network of roads and highways connecting major cities, which facilitated trade and communication. The famous Grand Trunk Road, built during his reign, connected Bengal to the northwest regions of the empire, promoting economic growth and cultural exchange. Sher Shah Suri also built sarais (rest houses) along the highways for the convenience of travelers and merchants.

Judicial Reforms:
In order to ensure justice and uphold the rule of law, Sher Shah Suri implemented judicial reforms in his administration. He established qazis (judges) in every province to resolve disputes and dispense justice according to Islamic law. Sher Shah Suri also introduced a system of dar-ul-qaza (court of justice) to handle criminal cases and civil disputes. These reforms helped in maintaining law and order and ensuring a fair and impartial administration of justice.

Military Reforms:
Sher Shah Suri paid special attention to strengthening the military capabilities of the Bharatiya empire. He reorganized the army, improved training methods, and introduced new weapons and military tactics. Sher Shah Suri also introduced a salary system for soldiers to ensure their loyalty and commitment to the empire. These military reforms helped in defending the empire against external threats and maintaining internal security.

Postal System and Communication:
Sher Shah Suri established an efficient postal system to facilitate communication and administration across his empire. He set up a network of post offices along the major trade routes, where messengers could exchange horses and deliver messages swiftly. This postal system not only improved communication between different regions but also helped in the efficient transmission of government orders and information.

Legacy of Sher Shah Suri:
Sher Shah Suri’s reforms had a lasting impact on the administration of the Bharatiya empire. His emphasis on efficient governance, infrastructure development, and justice laid the foundation for future rulers to build upon. The administrative reforms initiated by Sher Shah Suri set a benchmark for good governance and inspired subsequent rulers to prioritize the welfare of their subjects.

In conclusion, Sher Shah Suri’s reforms in the Bharatiya administration were instrumental in transforming the empire into a well-organized and efficient state. His legacy as a visionary ruler who prioritized the welfare of his people continues to inspire generations.